Understanding The Evolution, Life History, And Aids,...

Ebola and HIV Ebola, and AIDS, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, are both dangerous zoonotic diseases that originated in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS, the result of HIV, human immunodeficiency virus, has been an ongoing pandemic for decades. Meanwhile, the first Ebola case was recognized in the 1976 and has incurred severe sporadic outbreaks but has been controlled (Rajak, 2015). While both rapidly mutating RNA viruses, several key factors have allowed AIDS, to become a worldwide pandemic while Ebola has been controlled at present (Calmy, 2015). Understanding the evolution, life history, and the socio-economic factors that affect the proliferation of each disease allows us to understand how they arose when they did and why Ebola is controlled and AIDS isn’t. To start, Ebola and HIV are both zoonotic RNA viruses that underwent evolution and mutation to emerge from the jungle and morph into the deadly diseases they are today. It is thought that Ebola originated in Africa fruit bats, and was transmitted to humans for the first time through contact with bodily fluids from the bats, either as blood or saliva. Transmission to humans most often occurs through hunting and preparation of infected bushmeat, or consumption of fruit contaminated with bat saliva. This was made possible because of human encroachment on natural areas and bat habitats (Alexander, 2015). Once present in the human population more hosts allowed for extensive mutation. This is because RNA viruses use RNAShow MoreRelatedHiv And The Human Immunodeficiency Virus3032 Words   |  13 PagesThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus, also known as HIV, was discovered by Dr. Robert Gallo and Dr. Luc Montagnier. HIV had its first known case in a human in the year 1959. Though, its first kno wn case in the United States was in 1981 when the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, known as the CDC, reported five homosexual men in Los Angeles, California with Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia, a rare form of pneumonia. These findings were published in CDC S Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, orRead MoreHealthcare Essay18323 Words   |  74 PagesChapter 3 The Evolution of Health Services in the United States Learning Objectives To discover historical developments that have shaped the nature of the US health care delivery system To evaluate why the system has been resistant to national health insurance reforms To explore developments associated with the corporatization of health care To speculate on whether the era of socialized medicine has dawned in the United States â€Å"Where’s the market?† 81 26501_CH03_FINAL.indd 81 7/27/11 10:31:29Read MoreInternational Business Management Research Paper14582 Words   |  59 PagesFactors on WVK’s Operations 31 Table 5: Understanding of Various Aspects of IBM 33 Table 6: Gantt Chart for the Study 54 Table 7: Budget for the Research Project 55 List of Figures | |PAGE | Figure 1: Gender Distribution of Actual Respondents 27 Figure 2: Impact of Environmental Factors on WVKs Operations 32 Figure 3: Understanding of Various Aspects of IBM 33 FigureRead MoreThe Social Impact of Drug Abuse24406 Words   |  98 Pageseconomic and social marginalization and increased crime. At a time when dramatic improvements are taking place in some sectors, e.g. communications and technology, improvement of the quality of life for many people has fallen far short of the potential that exists and the rising expectation of people who know life can be better. At a time of rising social and Political tensions, the macroeconomic environment has fundamentally changed. World trade and investment have expanded and brought to some areasRead MoreNursing Essay41677 Words   |  167 PagesSuggested citation: IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2011. The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medici ne is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin. Copyright  © National Academy of Sciences. All

Chapter 5 quiz Free Essays

Chapter 5 Quiz Free Essays Chapter 5 Quiz Free Essays Many of the institutions and customs that emerged in east Asia during this era persisted until the twentieth century or even the present. Why do you think this is so? Why does there seem to be more continuity in east Asian history than in other parts of the world? Patriarchal Family. Nomadic Threats. We will write a custom essay sample on Chapter 5 Quiz or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mandate of Heaven. 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a form of writing that is pictographic and ideographic (like Chinese) versus one that is alphabetic? Advantages: A single characater can mean an entire phrase or can have multiple meanings. If you are fluent in the meanings, then it is easier to read and ideas can be connected together more quickly. If the pictographs represent everyday things that everybody knows, it may be easier to learn to understand the language on the more basic level. Disadvantages: It could take a very long time to learn it all. For example, it could take a very long time to learn all the letters that represent one idea or thought. It has a wider interpretation, something may mean one thing to a person and slightly different to another. For example, a letter could represent a cat , could be seen as a panther to somebody else. 3. How do early east Asian religious beliefs and practices differ from those of the other early cultures you have studied so far? What do these differences imply about the societies’ structures and their most important values? East Asia did not have a main or official type of a religion. They only followed the rule of the Mandate of Heaven. A leader is chosen by heavenly powers to govern within his realm. If the ruler was successful in his duties then the heavenly powers would rejoice. If the ruler failed then the heavenly powers would withdraw a mandate to rule and a better deserving person will take that rulers place. The peoplel of east asia did not worship one certain deity at all unlike the other socieites . They also believed in the veneration of their ancestors. People believed that with doing good deeds and having great virtue throughout the family, then the ancestors will lead them to propser when they meet their ancestors. The region of Mesopotamia was under the belief of polytheism or many gods. Egypt was under the belief of many gods but mainly environmental gods, such as Ra the sun god, and the afterlife. How to cite Chapter 5 Quiz, Papers

Retail Sector

Question: Write an essay on Retail Sector. Answer: Introduction The retail sector is a dynamic as well as highly competitive business, needing to answer to customers' demands. Retail employment plays a crucial role because approximately 3 million people are working in the retail sector. The retail sector offers a plethora of career opportunities, with different roles at all levels of the industry. With the onset of the digital revolution, the scenario will change completely. Therefore it is necessary to relook on the staffing and performance appraisal aspects. Staffing is the process which identifies, assesses, place, evaluate and directs individuals at work. It involves organizing the business structure with suitable and efficient human resource selection, assessment, training and development of the human resources to fill the tasks intended into the structure (Dietiker, 2013) whereas performance management, on the other hand, can be described as an approach to viewing and recording staffs performance for the grounds of decision making about his/her work. It involves personnel at all levels in writing the job descriptions, selecting appropriate evaluation criteria, using suitable tools and procedures for assessment, and gathering, understanding, and reporting outcomes. It plays a vital role in encouraging employees to enhance individual and managerial outcome; this inspiration is key in the retail sector because there is a high importance on customer service communication, motivated and skilled staff which assist high level of client serv ice. Staffing Methods The staffing methods which are used in retail sector keeping in mind the digital revolution are: Internal recruitment: It is advisable that a person is internally promoted to fill open or new positions rather than hiring a candidate from outside. Internal recruitment mainly focuses on existing workforce and other previous employees who are in touch with the business. Friends of existing people, ex- employees, and an earlier claimant may be the sources. Promotion, downgrading, and shifting also help in providing an additional resource for the unit, if not for the complete association. It leaves a positive impact on the staffs morale and also optimizes the chances of employees retention. Internal recruitment encourages the team members to perform efficiently in their designated areas. In the retail sector, current employees are the biggest internal recruitment source. The major sources are: JobPostings The major basis for hiring incumbents for openings within the institution is posting a job on the portal. In the job portal, employer notifies the job openings and employees act in response to it. The openings can also be informed on a notice board, by circulating publication or by word of mouth. From all the applications a list is made based on seniority and priority is given to them while making such promotions. This system gives all the employees equal opportunity to move upward in the ladder and prove their potential. This can prove to be ineffective if not handled properly. It should be posted before recruiting externally and should provide enough timeframe so that present staff members can check notice and apply on time. Promotion and Transfer The other most widely used way to fill openings is through upgrading and downgrading the staff. The skill set must be assessed before promoting a person because a person who is good in sales at the retail store might not be equally good as a supervisor of the whole store. Supervisory jobs require skill of getting work done from others and solving problems of the team members which is not prevalent in sales job profile. Therefore the promotions should be done after carefully analyzing the skill set of the person. Transfers are seen more often during downsizing (Armstrong-Stassen, 2003). Current Employee Referrals Referrals are another internal source of hiring. Staff members can help the prospective applicants in making adjustments within the organizations. Although they are external candidates hired with the help of internal information. This can prove an effective tool as cost in reaching people is minimized. Some studies show that personnel hired with this approach have a longer tenure rather than from those who are hired through other sources. Internal Recruiting Database In Internal recruiting database, the data is entered for eg skills, field of occupation, work histories and then at the time of vacancies a candidate is searched from the database and is called for further processing. It helps in reducing cost of advertisements as well as expenses of record retention are saved. Externalrecruitment: specifies the source of employment from outside the venture. The persons hired from outside resource are, thus, unfamiliar to the endeavor so far. Few organizations have a preference to this source mostly originality because they believed in a competitive economy, new incumbents should be brought in into the business so as to make it more vibrant (Chan, 1996). The outside sources usually include: New participant in the labor force i.e., adolescent mostly inexpert and potential employees for example the college students. The unemployed staff with various skills and abilities. Retired knowledgeable persons. All others who are not in the industry force. Methods of recruiting The popular methods of hiring people are the following: Advertisements: A respondent to job posting is one of the biggest sources in which the jobs were posted on companys website (BrenÄ iÄ , 2012). It helps in reducing costs of searching applicants. In order to maximize the cost effectiveness of hiring previous applicants were considered on first priority basis. These previous applicants have already been evaluated however were not hired. Thus, giving these candidates first priority helps in saving the time of evaluation, thereby taking full advantage of the cost-effectiveness. Employment Exchanges: In Western states, employment counsels as well as private service exchanges are very famous who helps in finding out appropriate personnel. In addition, it also helps job hunter to get appointments. These interactions are helpful to acquire unskilled and semi-skilled employees (Shaffer, 2007). Colleges and Universities: Some organizations maintain a close contact with the universities, vocational and management institutes for hiring various job vacancies. They find it trouble-free to mold the new graduates and thus follow the principle of Catch the Young. Recommendations: Applicants are introduced by associates and relatives. Many companies prefer this method since the background of the entrant is known. Merits of external sources of recruitment: Different view points will be attracted. The employees hold wide variety of experience. The staff members develop the talent to transform old habits. Performance appraisal process: Performance management builds a harmonious and fruitful place of work which is favorable for both employees and employers. It increases motivation and self-esteem. The communication regarding what will be expected and what needs to be delivered helps in gaining job satisfaction. The person who performs his duties effectively and efficiently will be rewarded, and the person who is unable to meet the deadlines will be warned (Semakula-Katende, Schmikl and Pelser, 2013). Performance management process will be clearly illustrated in the diagram below: Model of Performance Management Process (Kanji, 2002) Ways to Optimize The Performance Appraisal Process Set Goals Effectively Goals are the foundation of this process. It is essential for managers to set goals based upon the goals of the organization, and then to communicate the same in order to make the alignment (Bouskila-Yam and Kluger, 2011). The departmental goals available to all managers makes sure that there is no overlap, and helps in knowing where they support other departments. Each manager shares the goals with his team members and identifies individual goals.Key job expectations and responsibilities act as the key rule for setting goals. Goals should address what will be expected, and how it can be achieved. The framework used to write goals is the "SMART" goal: S - Specific M - Measurable A - Achievable/Attainable R - Results oriented/Realistic/Relevant T Time-bound The goals which are understandable, specific, measurable and time-bound helps in tracking the progress. Some organizations have started the use of SMARTA or SMARTR in which A stands for aligned, and R stands for reward. The SMART framework gives clarity to employees who would be evaluated against these goals. Planning After setting established goals and communicating objectives, performance planning is started in which action plan guide is handed over to the employee so that they can successfully achieve goals. Planning is a collaborative process between the boss and the staff, in which some elements are non-negotiable. Start with the job description and categorize job expectations and then under each area determine long and short term goals along with an action plan, demonstrating how they would be achieved. Performance planning and feedback are crucial because they make the possible continuous improvement (Benson and Jordan, 2004). Ongoing Process Goal setting, planning, monitoring, feedback, and training is ongoing and supports the formation of the performance appraisal, thus supporting the processes of rewards, learning and development. Performance monitoring, training, and feedback should take place frequently so that necessary adjustments in planning could be done. Feedback Goal tracking gives the opportunity to make available feedback from time to time, and then making necessary adjustments in planning, remove obstacles and prepare eventually for missing deadlines. Gather Information from different Sources Gathering information from various sources enhances objectivity and makes certain that all factors can be considered. In retail sector, most of the companies are using 360 feedback (Hosain, 2016). In this feedback is taken from peers, subordinate and managers along self-assessment toolkit. The response will be based upon certain skills or competencies, and the results will be evaluated against the personnels self-assessment. It increases self-awareness. Reporting is essential to assess the fairness/consistency of the procedure. Document, Document, Document Documentation is essential to support performance result, and observations needs to be written with the intention to share. Apart from this, the detail of positive and negative occurrence should be kept so that there is no doubt about the decision made (Murray, Woelfel and Bullock, 2005). The Review The review is basically the summary which includes job expectations, areas of contribution, goals, evaluation methods and the appraisal will be discussed with the personnel. It is helpful if one defines the purpose of meeting and provides an agenda and intimates about the time and place in advance. Both should prepare in advance, and there should be no interruptions when the discussion is going on. The manager should start with positive things first like achievements and continue the meeting with an approach to move ahead (Catapano, 2005). In the end, key findings should be summarized, and signatures of both should be there. Rewards and Recognition Now-a-days, organizations are connecting performance to compensation (Motivate and Reward: Performance Appraisal and Incentive Systems for Business Success, 2004). It is possible only if the performance appraisal processes is fair and equitable. Progress against key performance expectations needs to be documented as it serves the basis for a job properly done. One can do this in recognition events or in public recognitions. Consistency In an organization, the process should be consistent as it inculcates the feeling of fairness and increases job satisfaction. Ifcompensation is directly linked to performance then the process of assessment should be similar in all departments. Employees should know that individual in one department if identified as a top performer and given compensation, and then an employee working at the same level in a different department will be awarded similar rewards (Employee Performance Measurement and Performance Appraisal Policy in an Organisation, 2014). Asses and Encourage Participation Annual meetings are held in some of the retail stores in which the Key result areas of the employees are evaluated. The feedback of the meeting is recorded and then given to the individuals. There are few retail stores who do this exercise twice in a year whilst there are others who do it once in a year. Feedback is more important rather than the frequency (Kromrei, 2015). If the retail store is giving feedback in a constructive manner then there are chances of development of not only individuals but also of the retail store. The problem which comes out at the time of performance management should be addressed effective otherwise it is a futile exercise which has no meaning (Camardella, 2003). Therefore everyone should participate whole heartedly. Conclusion Recommendations: The scenario in the Retail sector is changing due to the onset of the digital revolution. Therefore the practices adopted in the retail sector should be amended with the changing time. The internal recruitment practices should be more emphasized in order to best talent within the organization. If the need will not be met internally, then the external sources of hiring can be seen. Apart from this performance appraisal practice should be done from time to time so that the gaps will be identified and targets will be met within the stipulated time frame. Not only this, the process is fair and consistent. Training should be incorporated from time to time so that staff will be upgraded on new inventions in the industry. Few recommendations based on this are as follows: Firstly, The organizations should make sure that individual and organizational objectives are balanced, explain these objectives to employees through the performance management process. These objectives need to be continuously reviewed from time to time. Secondly, organizations should constantly review personnels development, making certain that it is a continuous process. Lastly, performance management tool should be used as it helps in improving performance both at the individual and organizational performance. Therefore, it is advisable for retail organizations to adopt a performance management system. References Armstrong-Stassen, M. (2003). Job Transfer during Organizational Downsizing: A Comparison of Promotion and Lateral Transfers. Group Organization Management, 28(3), pp.392-415. Benson, D. and Jordan, A. (2004). Sustainability appraisal in local landà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ use planning: patterns of current performance. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 47(2), pp.269-286. Bouskila-Yam, O. and Kluger, A. (2011). Strength-based performance appraisal and goal setting. Human Resource Management Review, 21(2), pp.137-147. BrenÄ iÄ , V. (2012). Wage posting: evidence from job ads. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'conomique, 45(4), pp.1529-1559. Camardella, M. (2003). Effective management of the performance-appraisal process. Employ. Relat. Today, 30(1), pp.103-107. Catapano, S. (2005). Performance Appraisal: From Isolation to Interaction. PsycCRITIQUES, 50(28). Chan, W. (1996). External Recruitment versus Internal Promotion. Journal of Labor Economics, 14(4), pp.555-570. Dietiker, K. (2013). Staffing for success. ACM SIGUCCS plugged in, 2(2), pp.11-11. Employee Performance Measurement and Performance Appraisal Policy in an Organisation. (2014). MJSS. Hosain, M. (2016). 360 Degree Feedback as a Technique of Performance Appraisal: Does it Really Work?. Asian Business Review, 6(1), p.21. Kanji, G. (2002). Performance measurement system. Total Quality Management, 13(5), pp.715-728. Kromrei, H. (2015). Enhancing the Annual Performance Appraisal Process: Reducing Biases and Engaging Employees Through Self-Assessment. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 28(2), pp.53-64. Motivate and Reward: Performance Appraisal and Incentive Systems for Business Success. (2004). Int J Productivity Perf Mgmt, 53(1). Murray, R., Woelfel, K. and Bullock, G. (2005). Making the Case for Performance Appraisal. Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines, 24(3), pp.29-32. Semakula-Katende, S., Schmikl, E. and Pelser, T. (2013). Reward and attitudes: The unintended outcomes of an effective performance appraisal. SA j. hum. resour. manag., 11(1). Shaffer, F. (2007). A buyer's guide to effective management of external staffing companies. Nurse Leader, 5(2), pp.36-40.

Moulin Rouge Soundtrack free essay sample

Welcome to the Moulin Rouge! This soundtrack to therecent movie of the same name is jam-packed with beautiful, movingmusic. This amazing album features the chart-topping single, LadyMarmalade by Pink, Mya, Christina Aguliera and Lil Kim, and includes 13other soulful songs. The soundtrack also features the beautiful voices ofNicole Kidman and Ewan MacGregor from the movie. Kidman shines in her solo,One Day Ill Fly Away, which is a powerful piece of creative artwork.They also perform the unusual Elephant Love Medley, which recyclesthe talents of songwriters Jack Nitzche, David Bowie, Dolly Parton, Elton John,John Lennon and Phil Collins. Its a track that youll love because all yourfavorite classics are mixed together to make one unbelievable lovesong. The soundtrack has something for almost everyone. If you like dancemusic, Rhythm of the Night, Because We Can andNature Boy are for you. If you enjoy the classics, listen toSparkling Diamonds, Nicole Kidmans re-make of the Diamonds Area Girls Best Friend idea. We will write a custom essay sample on Moulin Rouge Soundtrack or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Truth, beauty, freedom and love; all areon this fantastic album. If the movie is as good as the CD, it must be onedelightful film.

Case Study Of An Abusive Parental Relationship Social Work Essay Essay Example

Case Study Of An Abusive Parental Relationship Social Work Essay Essay Example Case Study Of An Abusive Parental Relationship Social Work Essay Essay Case Study Of An Abusive Parental Relationship Social Work Essay Essay Abstraction: Child maltreatment and disregard are common societal issues in differing grades are prevailing in all states of the universe. This paper will discourse the instance of Child L who is in an abused relationship with her female parent. The paper will besides concentrate on the issues faced by her female parent as a individual black parent with unstable fiscal and emotional history. It deals with the appraisal of the state of affairs with mention to the facts as presented in this instance survey and negotiations about intercession schemes to develop a attention program for Child L. Attention has been paid to interact with Child L and prosecute her in direct communicating maintaining in head anti-discriminatory patterns. Justification for intercessions suggested has been included wheresoever necessary. Introduction: Until every bit late as a few decennaries ago, adult females s and kids s issues were non given due consideration. Womans were normally blamed for their impotence to look after their kids and guard them from domestic force. This was chiefly because they were unable to walk out of their opprobrious relationships with their hubbies due to social force per unit areas and non holding independent agencies of income ( Humphreys A ; Stanley 2006 ) . Thingss have changed but somewhat and individual parenting has become more common. However, there is demand to back up individual parents and supply them developing in good parenting accomplishments for them to be able to raise their kids in a healthy environment. Socialization of kids Begins in the household, peculiarly, with the parents. Children learn to organize attitudes that determine how good they will be adjusted as grownups in society. They learn life accomplishments, relationships, struggle declaration accomplishments, and communicating by emulating their parents or other socialising agents. Hence, it is non plenty to fault opprobrious parents for their bad parenting but support by manner of preparation, reding, advice demands to be provided to them so that they can larn to be good parents. When all attempts in back uping opprobrious parents fail to convey about any appreciable alteration in the parents attitude or behaviour other intercession schemes like arrangements in surrogate places need to be considered. The kid s protection and wellbeing is in the balance here. Facts of the instance: Capable, Child L is a 2 twelvemonth old black miss Subject does non travel to any babys room or play school Mother does non take her to the infirmary or to see any physicians Subject does non hold a male parent Subject has an opprobrious female parent Mother suffers from personality upset Capable under kid protection program Mother does non adhere to the kid protection program Mother has history of force and strong beliefs Mother was besides a looked after kid Mother is a school drop-out at 14 Mother does non hold a lasting occupation Comprehensive appraisals of hazards that Child L is exposed to: Child L is isolated from the community as she does non travel to play school and does non hold any societal interactions with people other than her opprobrious female parent. The kid needs to interact with others because societal interactions create consciousness and helps to construct assurance ; self -esteem and a positive attitude towards social values, cultural criterions and the willingness to accept authorization of others and portion duties. The kid is an baby and is likely non able to pass on efficaciously with others or show her anxiousnesss and emphasis. Parents need to pass quality clip with their kids to understand their demands and desires. Talking to kids and listening to them is a good manner of disbursement quality clip and holding a good parent-child relationship. This helps kids to hold positive ego regard and develop a healthy regard for others every bit good. Mother is unable to supply a stable place for the kid and the 7th floor bedsit adjustment is non contributing to proper kid development. Populating conditions have an of import impact on wellness and development of kids. The hazard to proper kid development is higher in low income places ( Ross and Roberts 1999 ) . However, household income is non the lone determiner of a kid s proper growing and development. Mother is non mentally or emotionally stable and has strong beliefs for aggression and force. Research shows that female parents who are verbally aggressive with their kids were found to be commanding and gave waies even for their drama activities ( Wiley-Blackwell 2008 ) . They demonstrated a inclination to keep their kids by catching their carpuss or shoulders. It was besides found that kids with verbally aggressive female parents refused to accept their uses and orders, though their opposition was frequently weak, short lived and indirect. It is of import to retrieve that a parent s verbally aggressive behavior might damage the ego assurance and ego regard of the kid doing the kid to hold behaviour upset in ulterior life ( Dwivedi A ; Harper 2004 ) . Child L does non hold any one to step in on her behalf in the event of her female parent mistreating her physically. The scene described in the instance survey when the female parent asks her girl to make off is unfortunate. This scene took topographic point in a public topographic point, viz. the GP s chamber. This is an illustration of the verbal aggression that Child L is exposed to with no 1 to step in on her behalf. Physical and emotional maltreatments of this nature go on with many kids in our society. Children are subjected to menaces, bids, loud angry words, accusals and words full of misgiving directed towards them all the clip. Mother s behavior has been termed as unpredictable non suited for healthy parent-child interactions. Parent behavior has a deep impact on kids s emotional growing. The unpredictable nature of Child L s female parent can do her anxiousness and apprehensiveness. The kid will turn up experiencing confused by her female parent s effusions and jump laid-back behavior. This will impact her ego assurance and her trust in other grownups and she will non cognize how to emotionally cover with different state of affairss. Mother does non hold a support system and has really few friends or household members. As such she does non acquire much aid in raising her girl entirely and she is impatient with her because she is over-worked and tired. In such instances the kids are left reasonably much by themselves and make non hold much supervising or monitoring. The impact of being left unsupervised and unmonitored can hold negative deductions on immature kids, particularly from hapless households. Mother does non hold a steady agency of gaining with practically no instruction and does non hold a steady paid occupation. Surveies have showed that kids of employed female parents tend to be better adjusted socially and make better in faculty members. Daughters of employed female parents are more positive and less diffident. Children with employed female parents besides fit into leading functions rather comfortably. For hapless or working category people a female parent s employment position is of import as that has a direct connexion with the female parent s sense of good being ( Hoffman 1998 ) . Mother has a history of violent behavior and the kid is at hazard of maltreatment. Case of her verbal aggression towards the kid has been noted. When a kid is witness to violent behavior at such a immature age as Child L, the feeling tends to be really deep and she may transport the cicatrixs of this fright throughout her life. Her religion in her female parent will be shaken as she knows her female parent to be her lone attention giver. In such instances kids find it difficult to hold healthy fond regards with parents, siblings or friends. Such kids may develop depression and anxiousness upsets in maturity. The kid does non hold proper medical attending as the female parent does non let her to interact with societal workers or physicians. This may be a unsafe tendency as all kids must hold medical check-ups to find healthy growing. In instance of abused kids, like Child L in this instance, it is of import for a medical practician to analyze her for physical hurt that may hold been inflicted on her by her unstable female parent. The advice of the physician or wellness practician is besides valuable in finding whether the kid needs psychological aid every bit good. Child L is lonely and this manifests itself in her reluctance to travel off with her female parent from the surgery where she is inclined to remain and play with the wellness practician. Isolation and solitariness merely add to the load of being abused by one s intemperate parents. Child L is isolated and does non hold many relations or friends to pass on with and organize healthy fond regards. This will increase her injury and consequence in hapless people accomplishments in big life. The kid belongs to an cultural minority group and is at hazard of confronting prejudiced behavior from others in the community. Black African adult females face racial favoritism, subjugation and demoralisation even today. However, anti-discriminatory patterns need to be implemented and the societal attention worker needs to be good trained in understanding diverseness and in acquiring appropriate and timely wellness attention for Child L ( Malek A ; Joughin 2004 ) . Under the fortunes it is really hard to supervise the kid s status. It is hard to make the kid as the female parent is non inclined to let her girl to socialise and be friendly. The societal attention worker assigned to care for Child L needs to be able to extenuate the female parent s ill will ( Falkov, Diggins A ; Mayes 1998 ) and have entree to the kid at all times to be able to forestall her being abused. Monitoring Child L s physical and emotional status is besides of import as that will let the societal attention practician to measure the kid s current demands and supply intercession when necessary. Since the female parent was besides raised in a Foster place she may non cognize how to get by with her kid s emotional demands. Research shows that rather frequently parents who had been abused as kids grow up to be opprobrious parents as they emulate the behavior they had been exposed at a bomber witting degree. As they were neer given the chance to hold responsible and caring parents they themselves do non develop good parenting accomplishments ( Saisan, Smith A ; Segal 2010 ) . Though the hazard factors present in Child L s instance are many, it may be helpful to advert here that non all kids respond to the same hazards and their causal factors in the same ways. There is no specific hazard aspect that can be associated specifically with mental, emotional or physical jeopardy for a kid ( Nemours 2006 ) . Different hazard factors can impact different kids otherwise and kids may exhibit different symptoms after being exposed to the same hazard. The symptoms Child L demonstrates should be noted and so program for appropriate intercessions should be developed. Child L s Needs, Safeguarding and Interventions: The Child Protection Plan is a agency to assist households and professional societal attention workers to interact and be able to set up the guidelines for parents to better safeguard their kid s involvements. The keys points of a kid protection program ( Haringey s LSCB ) entails that the kid is to be kept in a safe and unafraid environment, the kid s public assistance has to be of first importance and the household should have the support they need to raise their kids in safety. Protection against witnessing violence- Witnessing force can be a terrific experience for immature kids and can do emotional injury. The female parent needs to protect her kid and non be the cause of her hurt. Child L needs to be kept under kid protection program to safeguard her from being physically abused. The female parent needs to be counselled about her making an highly detrimental environment for her kid by her aggression. Mother s untreated mental and behaviour disorder- Parents who suffer from depression, anxiousness upset, mental instability have problem taking attention of themselves, much less their kids. As is demonstrated in the instance survey Child L s female parent is mentally and emotionally non really balanced hence she is speedy to anger and is aggressive with her girl. Parents who are themselves traumatized and fighting to act usually may look be distant and withdrawn from their kids. Treatment for the female parent is of import as it will intend better attention for Child L. Lack of proper rearing accomplishments. Child L s female parent was a looked after kid herself and likely did non hold the chance to larn good parenting accomplishments. She likely has unrealistic appraisal of her girl s demands and the sum of attention she deserves. The female parent needs to be given rearing categories, support from community support groups and/or reding therapy Sessionss to acquire over her ain jobs and larn good parenting accomplishments. The program should maintain in head the Children Act 1989 s 17 ( 1 ) which says that it is the responsibility of every local authorization to safeguard kids and take attention of their public assistance within their country and supply a scope of services appropriate for kids s demands ( DH ) . Isolation and deficiency of support. As we all know that rearing is non an easy undertaking and people need to pass a batch of clip and attempt to raise a kid, particularly, when the parent is a individual female parent. In this instance survey non merely is the female parent a individual parent, but she has added jobs of non holding fiscal stableness or a support system by manner of friends or household. Child L needs to be protected from being isolated and in order to make that efficaciously, her mother needs to be supported to be emotionally and financially stable. Care must be taken to socialise the kid and her female parent. Safeguarding against maltreatment and disregard. Since Child L is under kid protection program, she should be closely monitored and any marks of maltreatment or disregard must be reported and taken really earnestly. Repeated maltreatment can hold womb-to-tomb reverberations for the kid and can impact her relationships in future and damage her sense of self-pride. Monitoring closely will besides assist supervise her female parent s behavior which can be remedied by seting her female parent through choler direction programmes or good parenting lessons. Scientific grounds proves that the household, school and community have a big function to play in the physical and mental wellness of persons. Interactions with parents, equals and others in the community impact their behavior beyond their normal familial leanings. Child L, hence, needs to be allowed to pass clip with others in the community to be able to understand a wider scope of behavior forms and be able to larn from them. This will assist her to do right picks as an grownup. Socializing dramas an of import portion in the general growing and good being of a kid. Socializing Teachs a child life accomplishments and peer interactions assist set up self-esteem and self assurance. The hazard of Child L being isolated and non allowed to socialise can render her incapable to managing struggles in big life. There are several positive results of socialisation and these fix the kid for an independent and responsible grownup life. Interactions with equals and others in the school, vicinity and community helps the kid to larn how to modulate emotions, think independently and accommodate behavior to accommodate the type of interaction ( Berns 2010 ) . Research done by the National Institute of Child Health and Development shows that the quality of mother-child interaction, particularly the female parent s sensitiveness to her kid s physical and emotional demands was more of import than whether or non the female parent was employed as it determined the sense of security a kid experienced, of fond regard and love from the female parent. The female parent s employment position has little bearing on the kid s behaviors but may be impacted if the female parent is negative or insensitive to the kid s demands. Safety of the kid comes foremost and the instance should be handled by professionals. Alternatively of concentrating on single instance by instance footing statute law is passed as a wide spectrum step to control the addition in incidents of kid maltreatment. However, since the kineticss of kid maltreatment can be varied people need to describe kid maltreatment and acquire aid from professionals ( Gil 1971 ) . The kid should be protected against repeats of maltreatment and alternate solutions must be considered, for illustration, seting kid under protection program where the kid is monitored by professionals on a regular basis or be put in Foster places where proper attention will be given to the kid. Professional intercession in the signifier of direct communicating with the kid should be done by societal attention givers. While interacting with the kid, the societal work practician must guarantee that the kid feels reassured and relaxed. Since Child L is about an baby the societal worker demands to be really unagitated and friendly. S/he needs to reassure the kid that the female parent s aggressive and dismissive behavior towards the kid is non the kid s mistake. There is nil incorrect with her and she is merely every bit loveable as any other 2 twelvemonth old. Deriving the assurance of the kid should be the primary aim so that the kid feels free to come to the societal worker if she needs aid. Social worker must maintain in head that the kid has limited linguistic communication and can non rather explicate what she experiences. Observation is more of import than question ( Saisan, Smith A ; Segal 2010 ) . Child Protection Plan Data has to be collected at different degrees with trying from all strata of society, while concentrating more on lower income households. Social attention professionals need to be trained to place ( Beckett 2007 ) and classify kids who are victims or at hazard of kid maltreatment. Monitoring and describing at all community degrees must be ensured. Parents need to be monitored to look into if they are having their basic rights and support from the authorities. A unit of ammunition the clock response system has to be put in topographic point to have and cover suitably with ailments from abused kids or anyone coverage maltreatment. A bar program needs to be implemented to forestall kids from being abused farther. Every Child Matters is a programme that helps to progress positive results for kids, immature grownups and households. It is an instrument of alteration and a tool to implement the Government s policy of simple reforms for kids and guidelines for safeguarding their well being. In this instance survey, as Child L is but an baby, the societal attention practician must affect the female parent in this programme to be effectual in this single instance. Every Child Matters draws its inspiration from the model provided by the Children s Act 2004. The four key facets of the legal model are given below ( Fraser 2007 ) : Children must be engaged in positive activities to convey about an attitudinal alteration. This can be streamlined by prosecuting experts in communicating who will be able to supply the right motive and take barriers to larning. Young people must be encouraged and motivated to fall in and volunteer for community service. Making consciousness for immature people to do the right picks about their ain lives. Support should be based on single footing depending on the demands of the kid. Community groups need to be organized at different degrees to work on kid and household issues. Volunteers and societal workers need to be able to supply counsel and reding for abused kids and their household members. A organic structure should be set up to organize the work. Social plans should be introduced to raise public consciousness on this issue and advise people on human and child rights to forestall kids from being exploited and abused. Social workers squad must be multi-disciplinary and be trained to place victims that need immediate safety and protection and be able to form for their guardianship. Social workers should transport out place visits and on the topographic point review and co-ordinate with kid protection bureaus. Government and community societal work bureaus are making a just sum of work in this field. We need to incorporate the attempt made by these bureaus by forming life accomplishments preparation ( Maennantharat 2010 ) , self protection preparation, and raise consciousness about domestic force, particularly amongst minority subdivisions of the community. A nucleus group of professionals from multidisciplinary Fieldss, including members of the community mental wellness squad, will hold to be involved in developing the program farther. The program needs to include a continual appraisal of the state of affairs and look into for attachment with the kid protection program and besides include countries of concern as listed below ( Haringey s LSCB ) : Indentifying and turn toing the root causes that may harm the kid. Bing able to make a agenda that will hold clip edge activities for the societal attention givers and household members to halt the agonies of the kid. Specific undertakings that target short term and long term kid focused results with deadlines and effects for non being able to run into the mark. A day-to-day monitoring undertaking for societal workers for single kids to look into the safety of the kids on a daily footing. A eventuality program has to be set up if the kid protection program fails in presenting the needed results. A regular reviewing system for the kid protection program has to be set up to look into for efficaciousness. If the parent fails to adhere to the kid protection program as in the instance survey and the kid is exposed to important injury, attention proceedings have to be started in a household tribunal ( Family Justice Council 2010 ) . The local governments in coaction with societal attention workers will seek to work out the necessary alterations required of the household before affecting tribunal proceedings. A full appraisal is required with proviso of services mentioned in the kid protection program. The parents, in this instance the female parent of Child L, should reach a specializer kid attention jurisprudence canvasser in instance the instance needs to be presented before a tribunal. Legal assistance strategy is available to parents free of cost for their legal representation. Family group conferences should be organized that will include the wider household and community support groups to promote the female parent to get at a solution. A defender has to be appointed till a determin ation is taken to let the parent or relatives detention of the kid or the kid to be put in Foster attention. Decision It is of import to be familiar with cognition and consciousness of normal household interactions and kid development procedure to be able to place kids who receive inappropriate and less attention. It will besides assist the societal worker to measure a kid s state of affairs and understand whether the kid is at hazard of disregard or maltreatment. A thorough and logical appraisal of the instance will assist to implement plans that prevent child maltreatment and disregard. It will be utile in measuring a kid s current demands and whether these demands are being met. In the event of the kid holding to be placed in a Foster place it will assist to custom-make arrangements based on a kid s single demands ( AAP Policy 2000 ) .

Basf Marketing Report

In order to be known as â€Å"The† global chemical supplier BASF redefined its image by officially changing its name from â€Å"BASF† to â€Å"BASF the chemical company† in 2004. This bold statement is expressed in their brand, corporate identity and company logo. BASF has lived up to this goal establishing itself as the largest chemical company in the world. (1) BASF, which stands for Badische Anilin- und Soda-Fabrik (Baden Aniline and Soda Factory), has used its image marketing to evoke the concept that We dont make a lot of the products you buy. We make a lot of the products you buy better.  ®. BASF posted sales of 52. 6 billion euro in 2006 (1) placing itself above Dow Chemical, its closest competition, followed by companies Bayer AG and DuPont. BASF the chemical company markets a strategy in all its divisions called the â€Å"Verbund† concept, a German word meaning â€Å"linked†. This concept of total integration is how BASF aligns its businesses internally as well as with customers and suppliers. BASF has realized a competitive advantage by not only integrating but interlocking value chains. In the last three years practicing on the Verbund concept acquisitions like Engelhard Corporation, Degussa AG and Johnson Polymers have allowed BASF to further its vertical integration of its businesses. In 2007 BASF found its place at a rank of 81 on the Fortune Global 500 Companies list, up from 94 in 2006. In February of 2006 Fortune magazine performed a survey of U. S business professionals and BASF earned the distinction of being one of the 50 most admired companies in the world in a global comparison. Introduction When you say â€Å"BASF the chemical company† many people may not know the name but those who do can usually recite the slogan: We dont make a lot of the products you buy. We make a lot of the products you buy better.  ®. Even those that can recite the slogan can be quite challenged to give one example of a product that BASF makes. Given this you would be amazed at some of the everyday products that use BASF chemicals. The additive that thickens your shampoo, the Ibuprofen used in your pain medication, the Legos  ® your kids play with all have components supplied by BASF. The only reason an average person would hear of BASF is through their corporate level image advertising. How is it that a company whose products are never seen by the average consumer ends up as the worlds largest in its industry? How it is a company that many have not heard of could make acquisitions in the 1. 6 billion dollar range? How is it a company can post sales in the 52. 6 billion euro range and the average consumer does not know who they are yet there products are everywhere? The first team discussions on what company to do the report on a team member brought some information to the table. This information is that he works for the world’s largest chemical company and no one knew what the company truly makes provoking the questions from above. The challenge is to understand how a company markets itself to a global position without the normal consumers influence. Our team chose this company to look at a business that would perform its marketing in a different environment than the main stream consumer environment and to better understand how a company markets without being seen. This is a report on business to business marketing observations of BASF the chemical company. Table of Contents †¢Macro-Environment Context †¢Marketing, Research Customer Analysis †¢Segmentation Target Markets †¢Differentiation and Positioning †¢Marketing Decision Levers †¢Recommendations Macro-Environment Context BASF is the worlds leading chemical company. They offer intelligent solutions based on innovative products and top notch services to its customers globally. This is the basis of their mission statement and purpose as a company. Their mission is also to create opportunities for success through trusted and reliable partnerships. BASF visions of success include sustainable profitable performance, innovation for the success of customers, safety health and environmental responsibility, personal and professional confidence, mutual respect and open dialog as well as integrity. Creating a Sustainable Profitable Performance to BASF is the basis for all activities within the company. They are continually committed to the interest of their customers first and foremost. They take pride in rewarding their employees, shareholders and take the same stance with regards to society as a whole to better the environment around them for future generations. BASF takes pride in developing innovation for their customers to add continuous long term partnerships well into the future. Their trade mark statement of We dont make a lot of the products you buy. We make a lot of the products you buy better.  ® clearly states this philosophy. They derive nearly all of their business from Business to Business (B2B) sales. This makes innovation very important in all of their many niches in multiple markets they involve themselves in. Partnerships are valued within BASF and are built upon continually to mutually take advantage of highly scientific and technological advances. Due to the nature of the business, that being a chemical company, the environment must take precedence to ensure success. In this day and age, if your company doesn’t take steps to protect the environment that it is in, it won’t be in business long enough to matter. BASF takes safety, health, and environment responsibility to a level that supersedes that of economic considerations. BASF makes their products environmentally friendly for future generations by supporting the Responsible Care TM initiatives. BASF puts itself among the best in the world by fostering group-wide diversity personal and professional competencies. They feel that diversity leads to global success and capitalizes on competition by offering many differing views. They encourage employees to be creative and utilize their potential for common success. In addition they treat everyone fairly and with mutual respect. They try to keep open dialog with all employees, customers, stockholders and relevant groups within society to keep all on a level playing field. The last core value that BASF incorporates is Integrity. The company acts with respect to their words and values. They comply with all laws and respect all good business practices in the many countries that they operate. BASF has a great strategy that includes 4 simple strategic initiatives. They earn a premium on their capital, they help their customer be more successful, they form the best team in the industry, and they ensure sustainable development. All of which are conveyed in the visions for the company same as above. The strategic initiatives are the product of years of providing excellent products at a competitive price to all of its customers. Politically speaking, BASF is globally involved. Based in Germany and intertwined within business all around the world it would be impossible to not be involved in politics. It takes a great stance on political issues to continue its success in business and to show continued enthusiasm in protecting the environment. With regards to the Environment, BASF strives to be the best and let the world know that this is an important issue. Environmental issues in past years have shown light on companies that make their business creating and working with chemicals. BASF cannot escape the microscope of this issue. They comply with all government regulations in all countries it does business to ensure their future. They support the Responsible Care TM initiatives and keep them at the forefront of their values. Environmental issues to BASF ties directly to their social responsibility. The people at BASF value their own lives as much as their neighbors and support this by their integrity. They treat those around the world with the same respect that they feel they would want, regardless of what they are doing. Be it they are selling products to another company or creating a new product, social responsibility is never taken lightly. Technologically BASF prides itself in being the best for themselves and those they do business. They invest millions upon millions to ensure success in the ever changing markets all over the globe. They pass their technological advances on to their customers to ensure continued success and lasting partnerships. Technological advances in the chemical field have undoubtedly kept BASF at the top for so many years. Given a clear SWOT analysis of BASF from any level of the organization, the business unit, the product line or the specific product yields a clear image of their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats all over the globe. SWOT analyses are often used during sales meetings to identify opportunities in the market. They have proven themselves over and over by being a superior company throughout all markets. A tried and true philosophy rooted in the company’s vision and values brings this out in them. They continually identify trends in the industry and counter the changes all the time. In addition they analyze their competition whenever possible to capitalize on those before them. BASF analyzes itself through multiple management channels to ensure continued innovation and profit for its customers, employees and shareholders. Teams all around the globe research the firm’s present and future clients to build lasting relationships and capitalize on hidden opportunities to improve themselves. Their strengths encompass being a globally prestigious brand, a large market share, and universally known for its social and environmental activities. Opportunities lie within possible joint product lines with other companies and customers. Weaknesses of BASF are global spreading in the way of having employees all over the world and keeping focus on attainable goals. They are influential in just about all markets and run the risk of being thin in a small amount of them. Threats within the chemical market could be the continual need to stay environmentally friendly. This can add costs and reduce focus on core assets of the business. While everyone wants to stay â€Å"green†, it comes at a price and that has to be economically accounted for keeping the cost benefit ratio at an equilibrium that is good for all. Marketing Research Customer Analysis BASF being a company that markets its goods and services to organizational firms primarily focuses on the practice of business marketing and being a company that produces no real end product the analysis of normal consumer behavior is not widely used. The success of a business to business marketing plan is in the hands of an organizations purchasing group. These groups that make the purchasing decisions for organizations usually have numerous deliverables that could drive the individual market. One group may see delivery performance as a key factor in their purchasing decisions, the next market segment may see price, value added services or warranty as the key elements. Because of this BASF must continually scan the environment of each of its individual segments and markets using a multidomestic marketing strategy. Being a global provider of chemicals the use a multidomestic marketing strategy helps in the sale of their diverse array of products dependant upon the particular market and the unique region. Marketing research in a commodity based business like the chemical business is primarily based on the use of combination of secondary data analysis and a small amount of primary data gathering and mainly environmental scanning. Scanning the environment and staying on top of the latest social, economic, technological, competitive and regulatory forces help BASF form its global strategy in marketing. This strategy then flows down to the different divisions using more practical marketing research tools to grow the business. Being a business to business company means marketing research is primarily secondary data. BASF globally uses SAP business software. The information gathered in this software is used to formulate sales forecast based off past performance. It is also used to analyze what products are moving and which are not giving key indicators of what products or even divisions are the Stars which are the Dogs, Cash Cows and Question marks. Corporate sales, procurement and logistic systems like WorldAccount or Ensphere ® are also used to gather this data to better service the customer. Trade magazines and publications are used by many of the divisions to gather data in the development of marketing plans. Here is an example from one of the divisions; BASF Industrial Coatings uses trade publications like Metalmag and Construction News to analyze industry trends. Along with trade magazines industry web sites provide information as well. Sites like the one listed below provide valuable information to keep BASF on top of the industry and what’s the voice of the customer. These sites are for the Industrial Coatings division. http://www. coolmetalroofing. org (cool metal roofing coalition) http://www. coolroofs. org (cool roof rating council) http://www. metalconstruction. org (metal construction association) http://www. themetalinitiative. com http://www. designandbuildwithmetal. com (new website lots of pertinent info). Although this is just one division of BASF the same practices reflect across the different divisions. Although not highly used, BASF does a small amount of primary data gathering. In the different divisions web polls, new product or service trials and focus groups have been used to gather information about the voice of the customer. Companies like Ducker Worldwide have performed â€Å"Voice of the Customer Focus Groups† to gather information on the performance of BASF as compared to their competition. Trials include potential new products or services that are either presented or given to a customer to test the markets interest in such goods. These goods or services are run through a customer in the industry to collect information on what the markets tolerance is for such goods or services. Regulatory, social, economic, competitive and technological forces help steer the marketing plan of the various BASF divisions. Through environmental scanning in each of these unique regions BASF collects data. The data is then analyzed to focus on trends in the global market. This data is then used to help direct the company and marketing plan. Canada has had legislation banning/limiting the use and importing of the chemicals such as Isophorone. Isophorone is a distillate of acetone a chemical used in inks, coatings and copolymers. This markets regulatory force led to a change in the components used in coatings sold into Canada. This led to the marketing of â€Å"Isophrone Free† coatings. This information was gathered and then marketed through brochures and fliers as well as the face to face interactions of the BASF sales force with their Canadian customers. With the ever increasing focus on the health of our environment, not only locally but globally, BASF has recognized this social pressure and focused an incredible amount of energy on marketing to the â€Å"Green Movement†. A mere visit to the BASF web site will show the amount of energy being placed upon marketing to the environment. This Green Marketing can be seen in headlines like â€Å"Intelligent solutions for climate protection†, â€Å"Sustainable development†, â€Å"Eco-Efficiency† and â€Å"Climate Protection† on the lead in page of their web site. BASF is currently marketing its association with world wide movement â€Å"Eco- Efficiency Analysis†. Figure 1. Eco-Efficiency Analysis comparing BASF Ibuprofen to competition This term that was coined by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) in its 1992 publication Changing Course looks at the overall footprint of a product from â€Å"cradle to grave†. Realizing the negative image of chemicals and their effect on the environment BASF uses Eco-Efficiency certification to market and sell the total impact a product will have on the environment. The hope is that their product will stand out as environmentally better than the competitions (Figure 1). This certification is being offered on many of its product lines across the globe. Products like Ultradur  ® high Speed easy flow plastic, Ecoflex  ® biodegradable packaging material carry the Eco-Efficiency seal. Other products like or Ultra-cool  ® paints with UV resistant pigments to reduce heat transfer in buildings carry the Energy Star certification. All these have come from environmental scanning. Ultra cool was marketed well enough that it pre-dated any legislation that followed. California’s â€Å"Title 24 Energy Code† now mandates solar reflective coatings used in construction. In the metal roofing industry BASF was the only company producing â€Å"cool† coatings that could meet this legislation and they were producing it before the legislation was enacted. Since then all major suppliers of paint for metal roofing have developed and now market â€Å"cool† coatings. This market segment did not exist until the development of BASFs Ultra-cool ® coatings. This is a testament to the effects of collecting marketing data using environmental scanning, product development and marketing. In scanning the economic climate BASF has gathered data for years on the benefits of their concept Verbund also known as total integration. The Verbund concept has been marketed through every division of BASF the chemical company. There is a â€Å"Purchasing Verbund†, â€Å"Safety Verbund†, a â€Å"Production Verbund† and many more. All of these wide variety of products would make you think that there are a lot of different prices to consider when purchasing from BASF. Because the products they offer are mostly raw materials, the prices of their products change with the economy. When the price of oil goes up, their prices for materials related to that product go up as well. They don’t base their prices off of any index or manufacturer recommendation. This price fluctuation does not affect the quality of their services as there is really no comparison by price to judge whether or not the product is quality. The price that BASF offers for it’s products does not affect consumer perceptions of their company. It seems that along with the business of providing chemicals, they also bring along the feeling of connecting with their customer on a higher level. That overrules the price effect on a consumers decision to go with BASF. BASF does not use the concept of off-peak pricing, which consists of charging different prices during different times of the day, week, or month. This usually reflects the varying demands of the services or products offered. BASF would not benefit from this tactic because the only reason their price changes would be due to the economy and their resources. They do not have a peak time or an off-peak time of demands for their products because they are raw materials and chemicals. The chemicals that BASF offers are in need to make finished products by many different companies at all times of the year. Place BASF uses the e-commerce network widely to reach their customers and suppliers. E-commerce is the electronic handling of business transactions with purchases and production. They conduct most of their transactions through the web in which a customer can log into their personal account and purchase their products through what they call WorldAccount. BASF uses the new internet e-commerce world as a way to make communication faster, more effective, and more direct. It allows customers to have service 24/7, get precise product information, have orders processed faster as well as keep current data on all of your orders. BASF found that the e-commerce way of providing products was the best way allowing more detail and service to be provided to the customer. BASF also has a good representation with production and sales facilities in all of the economic regions. They are located in five continents which are Europe (which is their home market), North America, Asia, Africa and South America. They have more than 100 large sites throughout the world which allows them to be closer to their customers in 170 countries and supply them with their products in a reliable manner. BASF has verbund sites located in Germany (Ludwigshafen), Belgium (Antwerp), Freeport Texas, Louisiana, Malaysia (Kuantan), and China (Nanjing). The term verbund is a German word and means â€Å"linked† or â€Å"integrated†. These verbund facilities make use of integration production processes which makes it less expensive to manufacture the products. This allows BASF to supply a wide variety of different sectors. BASF also operates important production sites which are located in Germany (Schwarzheide), Spain (Tarragona), Port Arthur, Texas, Mexico (Altamira), Brazil (Guaratingueta), China (Shanghai), Japan, (Yokkaichi) and Korea (Ulsan). The use of these multiple locations makes BASF a company that one can rely on almost anywhere you are located. This allows the company to become inseparable from their customers making it more convenient to do business with them in person, as well as through their online stores. Promotion The main idea about BASF’s promotional campaign in Europe is to show that certain things would not exist without their chemicals. It aids you in the course of life and without them, certain things would not be attainable for you. Their main slogan is â€Å"Invisible Contribution. Visible Success. They are aiming to show you that BASF is often working behind the scenes to make their invisible contribution that creates a visible success for their customers through using their chemicals to create the end product. Their image campaign in Europe(which is made up of television commercials and print ads) is directed at the opinion leaders. These are members of society who lead others and shape the views of the general public. The campaign has been covered in Germany, France, Great Britian, Italy, Spain, Belgium and the Netherlands through newspapers and lifestyle magazines (such as business, news and science magazines). Their television ads are broadcast during scientific and sport programs, new bulletins, films and television series and is aimed at a wide target audience in Europe. They feature different ads for each type of chemical that they provide which include television ads for the paper industry, the semiconductor industry, water treatment, house construction, sports and leisure, road construction, agricultural products, extreme sports, automotive industry, bridge construction, sun protection, fuel, and plasticizers. They are making sure that they cover each kind of service that they offer by showing this wide variety of television and print ads. BASF uses a discrete way of creating publicity for themselves. When you are on their website for Europe advertising you have the opportunity to download their several different print ad campaigns and use them how you would like. They also offer the option for you to purchase either a postcard or poster of the ad. Publicity is something that is nonpersonal and an indirectly paid presentation of an organization, good or service. In this case, the customer, or fan of BASF, is paying for the poster or postcard, and in turn when sending that postcard or putting up that poster, they are providing no personal advertising that was not directly paid for by BASF. It is a pretty creative way of getting a profit and recognition while allowing their customer’s to do the advertising for them. In this case, the publicity works for them. When it comes to advertising in America, the rules are a little different than they are in Europe. Their main theme is that they are helping to make products better. Their main focus is to show how their chemicals can make your everyday life better here and around the world by creating remarkable and visible changes in many of the most important industries. Their slogan is â€Å"We dont make a lot of the products you buy. We make a lot of the products you buy better.  ®Ã¢â‚¬ . This slogan, according to BASF, has made them the most recognized of any chemical company in North America. The purpose of the several different TV ads allow you to see that they don’t make the finished product, they just provide the quality ingredients to make the best products. It also allows you to see that there are countless uses of the BASF materials that allows you to enjoy life. Just as their slogan says, in most of their TV ads they tell you that they don’t make the product, they just make the product itself better. For example, â€Å"We don’t make the helmet, We make it tougher† is a slogan used in a commercial about their Ultramid polymide nylon that provides hardness and abrasion resistance commonly used in helmets. Along with their TV and print ads, BASF is moving into a more innovational way of advertising to keep up with the demands of advertising and today’s technology. They offer through their website Podcasts. These podcasts include an audible innovation magazine of BASF that offers monthly topics on how chemistry and chemicals will design and shape our future. The other podcast available through the BASF website is â€Å"The Chemical Reporter†. This podcast is for the curious person that has questions about chemistry in your everyday life. This podcast offers answer in their weekly episodes. You can download this to your iTunes account or as an MP3 file for you MP3 player. Another innovation offered is to receive all news alerts and press releases through a RSS feed free of charge. This allows a customer to receive up-to-date news about BASF in a very quick and comfortable way (at your own computer). The only draw back is that you have to download and RSS-reader, but once you have you can select from several different news topics about BASF available online at their website. I’m sure these new innovations are there to create a buzz and traffic to their website. Recommendations The success of BASF marketing can be seen in there continual growth globally. To make recommendations would be easier if we were to look at one division of the company. Either due to market conditions or poor market strategy planning not all the divisions of BASF can be doing well at any given time. The American auto industry is in a state of flux with ever present pressures from the global market. Although divisionally BASF will feel these pressures globally their affiliation with non-US auto makers absorb some of this industries variation, this allowing time for the US market to be analyzed and adjustments to be made. Pure recommendations would have to come from some direct market analysis based off of the division of the company. BASF has done a great job in their Verbund concept. Being a supplier, the concept of interlocking processes or systems creates a relationship with the customer that is hard, or sometimes inefficient to break. From this alignment with cusotmers long term relationships are established. BASF could draw better on global technologies. In looking through the BASF corporate web site many of the technologies that are seen are from different countries. Online information on the use of these products in a specific country could not be confirmed or denied as a potential customer it would have been nice to know that they are available domestically. One observation is that BASF although a hidden part of many â€Å"name brand† products does not benefit from any of their customers successes. Co-branding could lock in the business through the social pressures felt by dropping BASF as a supplier in favor of an alternative. One flaw of focusing on the Verbund concept to lock in customer loyalty is it makes social pressure less of a final end consumer pressure and more of an industry pressure which in the end may not affect sales. In not hurting sales the decision to drop BASF is less of an issue of end unit sales and more of an internal issue of efficiency. Companies like Dow and DuPont often add their name to products in advertising. One example is LineX. LineX is a truck bed liner that is spray applied. This product uses BASF chemicals yet it is DuPont that benefits from co branding with LineX. LineX advertises on their website the following â€Å"LineX, fortified with DuPont Kevlar†. This co-branding is getting the name DuPont and their product Kevlar out to the end consumer. Thus if the customer is happy with the bed liner they may be happy with a product like â€Å"Suave shampoo with DuPont thickening agent† when it should be â€Å"Suave shampoo with BASF thickening agent†. This co-branding would broaden BASF’s evoked set and lock in customer relationships. BASF should capitalize on their success more publicly. The successes of BASF can only be found through their website. These high points in the story of BASF would help establish the confidence that a purchasing group would have in dealing with a stable successful company like BASF. One last recommendation would be to sponsor more events. Dow and DuPont get much of there brand awareness from the sponsorship of events like racing. BASF does a limited amount of this and mostly on a divisional basis. Sponsoring events would get the BASF name out there making it more of an everyday name than it is today.

Multi project assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Multi project assignment - Essay Example The successful completion of projects and tasks is found to often be as a result of the combined efforts of the various members of a given team. It is important for teams to ensure that they are able to work as a single cohesive unit so as to be able to be effective and successfully manage to achieve the team’s goals. Some of the good things that were seen to happen to the conglomerate team during the course of the game were that the team members showed good cooperation and were able to communicate effectively and unite to work as a team exhibiting sufficient harmony and trust in their work. The groups were also able to effectively deal with some of the risks such as the potential failure by suppliers to make deliveries in good time and the risk of faulty products. In addition to this, changes were well received by the team members who effectively adapted and ensured that that the processes proceeded flawlessly. Communication The open communication of both information and idea s is widely perceived to be an integral aspect of effective team functioning. Good communication between team members is seen to be associated with a number of outputs that are commonly attributed to positive communication between team members, these outputs are seen to typically include good project performance, innovation as well as commercialized products and patents (Neider, 2005). After having been assigned into our respective groups by the tutor, My fellow Conglomerate group members and I met to develop a possible strategy on how we would be able to tackle the exercise that we had been assigned. Having been selected as the group’s PMO, I was tasked with the key responsibility of ensuring that I offered adequate help to my fellow group members to help them calculate the overall and total budget. We managed to elect a PM for our group and the various pairs of the different member countries set off to discuss on the possible strategies that they would use so as to be able to effectively control the timelines and budgets of the country for which that they happened to represent as council members. During this initial meeting, considerable time was spent setting both the deadlines and milestones that the various council members in the different countries were supposed to achieve. In my capacity as the PMO, I also took time to painstakingly highlight individual project objectives for the different council members and upon ascertaining that all the group members clearly understood their assigned roles. All the conglomerate team members actively contributed to the general development of individual checklists that would be used by the team members so as to avoid any eventually of their overlooking critical aspects of their projects. The group had an efficient communication strategy as the team members, the PMO and the PM were able to communicate with each other during the frequent meetings that were scheduled to be held briefly on a daily basis. In the even t that a matter happened to arise, it was possible for the members, the PM and the PMO to communicate via email and phone calls. The team members were able to debate on and unanimously agree on an agreed timeline for the different stages of the projects by different countries so as to minimize any eventuality of the country’s having to spend on the projects while at the same time avoid penalties resulting from reassignments and cancellations of bookings.

Good Corporate Governance and Sustainability Research Paper

Good Corporate Governance and Sustainability - Research Paper Example Under the good corporate governance applied, Ford performed very well in business plan development and compensation, business plan review, special attention review and automotive strategy meeting, corporate policy letters and directives, management systems. That is the main reason why Ford is only one of the auto companies which kept performing during the 2008 global financial crisis in America. Mallin (23) asserts that the element of diversity in companies is one of the things that benefit from corporate governance. Corporate governance promotes diversity by, firstly, ensuring a board of governance or company leadership that respects diversity. Gender diversity in companies’ leadership is one of the crucial issues commentators of corporate governance have emphasized. In the past five years, seven countries have passed legislation mandating female board representation and eight have set non-mandatory targets. A study of Canadian companies showed that boards with three or more women performed much better in terms of governance than companies with all-male boards. The study also found that the more gender-diverse boards were more likely to focus on clear communication to employees, to prioritize customer satisfaction, and to consider diversity and corporate social responsibility. To illustrate the point above, McKinsey & Company, as the world’s leading consulting firm, is a great example in the real world. Mallin (24) attributes the improvement of a company’s economic and financial performance to the varying skills and abilities of diverse groups of people. He argues that the skills of people from different backgrounds outperform homogenous groups. In order for companies to uphold corporate governance to ensure diversity, they invite applications from the public. This helps companies to pool  a variety of skills and abilities from which they can appointable candidates. In addition, corporate leaders use mentorship to educate persons from lower levels with the skills required to handle senior positions.

Prius Essay Example for Free

Prius Essay Analysis of 4P’s – Product, Place, Price, Promotion f. SWOT Analysis of Toyota Motor Corporation and Toyota Prius g. Competitors Against Toyota Prius h. Target Market of Toyota Prius 3. Objectives a. Corporate Objectives b. IMC Objectives 4. Time Frame 5. Promotion Strategies a. Print Advertising b. Internet Advertising c. Sponsorship Activity d. Exhibition 6. Promotion Budget 7. Appendix 8. References 1. EXECUTION SUMMARY This Integrated Marketing Communications Proposal is a one-year communications plan, which is to be launched in Hong Kong, for the Toyota Prius. It aims to further raise the awareness of the Prius and in turn increase the market share and sale. Market analysis identified the target market, which consists of two groups: private and corporate buyers. Consequently a communications strategy that makes use of various media has been created. Newspaper and car magazines as the print advertisements, the Internet, sponsorship activity and exhibition will be the main media. The Creative strategy is designed to emphasize the unique selling points of the Prius and weaken the target markets objections. The budget (HK$1,000,000) has been allocated for the events and advertisements this year. The majority of the budget will be spent on the 2 two-day exhibition, followed by the print advertising. 2. SITUATION ANALYSIS a. Background Information of Toyota Motor Corporation Toyota is a Japanese car manufacturing company founded by Sakichi Toyoda in 1937. They have four key strategies which aim at customer satisfaction, quality assurance, continuous improvement and reduction of waste. Toyota has manufactured various types of cars such as Corolla and Carmy. After continuous improvement, Toyota is likely to be the best seller in the world this year in terms of sales. . Communication History of Toyota Motor Corporation Crown Motors, the local agency of Toyota, has published various advertisements for its vehicles through newspapers, magazines, TV commercials, exhibitions and sponsorships, etc. However, there are merely few local sponsor activities and exhibitions for Prius and thus it is still new to local drivers. c. Background Information of Toyota Prius Toyota Prius is one of the worlds first commercially mass-produced and marketed hybrid automobiles. It released in Japan in 1997 and then worldwide in 2000. By the end of 2003, nearly 160,000 units had been produced for sale in Japan, Europe and North America. In Latin, â€Å"Prius† means before or first. Technologies applied in the Prius are brand new and advanced ideas so that the Prius suits the name for the series. The Prius has won a number of awards, which are shown below. d. Awards Attained by Toyota Prius †¢ 1997–98  ¦ Car of the Year Japan †¢ 2003  ¦ Scientific American names Toyota Motor Corporation as Business Leader of the Year (Scientific American 50; December, 2003) for its singular accomplishment in the commercialization of affordable hybrid cars. 2004  ¦ Motor Trend Car of the Year  ¦ Car and Driver Magazines Ten Best List  ¦ North American Car of the Year Award †¢ 2005  ¦ European Car of the Year e. Analysis of 4P’s – Product, Place, Price, Promotion The Prius was released locally in 1999. Apart from the large comfortable driving environment, it was the first vehicle that introduced the â€Å"Hybrid Synergy Drive†, which helps the car become exceptionally fuel economical. The distribution of the Prius is mainly located at the six local Crown showrooms. The price of the Prius is around HK$230,000 which is a bit higher than the ther series or Japanese cars because Toyota positioned it as advanced technology vehicle with the features of environmental friendly and fuel-saving technologies. The major promotion channels used were exhibitions, car magazines and sponsorships of environmental protection events. According to the previous brand promotion of Toyota, newspapers, television commercials and the Internet were also used. f. SWOT Analysis of Toyota Motor Corporation and Toyota Prius i. Strength Toyota is Japan’s largest and the world’s third largest car manufacturer with assurance of reliability and high quality image. Toyota was one of the first manufacturers to introduce the concept of â€Å"Just in Time† production that allows to reduce operating cost and overheads and to respond to customer demand quicker. The yearly budget for RD is set at the highest amongst car manufacturers for various research centres around the world. This willingness to invest has brought Toyota an innovative image and created products such as the Prius. The Prius has advanced technologies which aim at environmental protection. It lets drivers save fuel and thus needs low maintenance cost in the long run at affordable price. i. Weakness Reputation of Toyota is not enough to convince buyers who like to express themselves with their choice of car, thus prefer cars with higher prestige from manufacturers such as Mercedes. Appearance of the Prius may relatively not as outstanding and attractive to potential buyers. According to Wikipedia, the Prius has been criticized for its aesthetics and handling characteristics. T oyotas life cycle assessment shows that the amount of energy required to manufacture a Prius is higher than that of a similar gasoline powered vehicle. iii. Opportunities Toyota’s new hybrid technology has proven very successful worldwide and already created several brand extensions and derived models. Toyota could obtain the benefits of being the first in the market, currently 90% market share in hybrid vehicles. The introduction of new models in growing segments offers opportunities. The Internet also helps the marketing of cars, thus improve communications and reduce operating cost by offering online showroom, online booking of test drives, nearest dealer locator, online purchasing and e-brochures, etc. Increase in fuel prices can also be treated as one of our opportunities as the Prius is fuel-conservative vehicle. iv. Threats Major threat comes from rich and big competitors. Indirect competition comes from alternative methods of transport. Other government incentives are also aimed at reducing the usage of cars, such as the increase in tax. These actions can reduce the number of car purchases and reduce eventual profits. g. Competitors Against Toyota Prius Toyota Prius being an environmental-friendly and energy-efficient vehicle, competitors will be defined as those which have similar technologies in the manufacture of fuel-saving engines. Honda Civic GX and Insight are energy-efficient vehicles but not for sale in Hong Kong. Also, General Motors FlexFuel series and Hybrids series are powerful competitors in the same situation. Hence, Toyota is the local pioneer in this product line. h. Target Market of Toyota Prius The target market can be split into two major categories: B2B customers and private consumers. B2B customers are fleet and corporate buyers, who buy cars either for hire or rental or for company fleets. The environmental features make the Prius particularly interesting for business buyers because of his low operating cost. Private consumer is either male or female and between the age group targeted at 25 and 39 years old. Some of them are likely to be married and with family responsibilities. They are affluent, well-informed and educated adults. They may be of upper middle class. They pursue environmentally-friendly lifestyle. 3. OBJECTIVES Objectives exist on three levels, corporate, marketing and communication, in which marketing and communication are regarded as the integrated marketing communications (IMC) objectives. a. Corporate Objective It can be summarized as shareholder wealth maximization and is ultimately achieved through higher profits and increased sales. b. Integrated Marketing Communications Objectives Toyota Prius is at the growth stage of product life cycle. As the environmental friendly technology of the Prius still being the pioneer in the industry, the objective is defined to be long term. It is important to further raise the awareness of this feature to the public by 30% at the end of this year, which in turn increase the market share aimed at 25% and increase the sales by 25%. It is hoped that by the proposed promotion strategies, it can fully reach the target market and make the potential buyers aware of the Prius. Then, during the events and in the advertisements, we can educate them and explain the technical knowledge and advantages of the Prius, so that they are excited about the Prius and develop the word-of-mouth. It is hoped to motivate buyers to find out more about the Prius by visiting our website to order brochures or a test drive. Visits to exhibitions and showrooms may lead to the act of purchase which is our ultimate goal. 4. TIME FRAME 5. PROMOTION STRATEGIES To promote the Prius, we have considered several means including the use of newspaper and car magazine as print advertising, Internet advertising, sponsoring activities and exhibition. a. Print Advertising i. Newspaper The main objective of newspaper advertisement is to perform the function of teaching consumers in the learning process. The next step is to attract the readers to the exhibitions and showrooms to do the feeling process. In the newspaper advertisement, we use the theme that the Prius only emits leaves but not pollution. It is a fresh car. We have two sets of advertisements. The first one is for advertising the Prius during the exhibition period. Another one is during the period without exhibition. The slogan â€Å"Prius, it’s fresh† is still used in these advertisements to make the whole campaign consistent. Here explains the two designs. The first one is used during exhibition period. It is published in a coloured full page. As the main theme of this set of advertisement is to connect the Prius with a fresh sensation, the main color of the page will be green. A white Prius runs down a green road. At the back of the car is a cluster of leaves. It shows the idea that the Prius would make the place it runs green. At the top left corner we can see the awards that the Prius got in the last few years. They tell customers that even professionals appreciate the Prius much. At the same time, three icons are used to conclude the main features of the Prius: low emission, high energy efficiency and the auto-charge function. The bottom of the page includes information about the exhibition, the venue and the time. At the bottom right corner there is a coupon. People can bring the coupon to the exhibition and get a model of the Prius. The plan is to attract more readers to come to our exhibition and feel the Prius. Another advertisement will be published during non-exhibition period. It will be published in a coloured quarter page. The design of this advertisement will also be used to relate the Prius to a fresh atmosphere. The background of the page is a large piece of grasslands. The back of the Prius is coloured with a pattern of cluster of green leaves. The slogan and three icons are also put in the page to recall readers’ memory that it used to be the Prius’ advertisement. At the bottom of the page is a list of showrooms demonstrating the Prius. We hope that readers who are interested in will go to the showrooms directly to feel how fresh the Prius is. ii. Car Magazine Besides newspaper, car magazine will also be used as one of the printed advertisements. According to the result of our questionnaire, most of the interviewees obtain the car information by the car magazine. It shows that car magazine is the main channel to promote. We have chosen CarPlus ( ) to promote because it is one of the members of South China Media Limited. Car Plus is positioned as the middle-class car magazine and it is suitable for our target group. Also, CarPlus is top three car magazine in Hong Kong. It is believed that after we have post the printed advertisement on CarPlus, it can increase the awareness of the Prius among potential car buyers. The theme is â€Å"Prius integrates with the nature†. The design of the print advertisement divides into two pages. The first page creates a natural environment so grassland is used as the background. Then, the grassland has a blank car shape and there is only a slogan â€Å"Today, Tomorrow†. The print advertisement is made simple and being curious so that it can create stopping power and let the reader to feel interested in the advertisement first. The second page is different from the previous one. The background is green and the car place at the middle. It is to create a fresh look of the advertisement and provide more details. There are several logos describing the feature of the Prius. b. Internet Advertising Internet is one of the most important media channels of automobile products. Based on the questionnaire’s result, Yahoo! is the main search engine of our target group. Therefore, a floating advertisement is used in order to bring awareness of the Prius. When the Internet users open the Yahoo! ebsite, the image of the Prius will appear in the screen, followed by a sound effect which is the sound of car engine. If the user is interested, he/she can click it and it will link to Toyota website. The Internet floating advertisement aims to raise the awareness of the customers and give them a fresh impression about the Prius. c. Sponsorship Activity For sponsorship activity, HK$50000 is spent on the World Widelife Fund (WWF) to promote environment protection. We will sign contract with WWF to makethe Prius the appointed car of the organization. As WWF focuses on nvironmental-friendly events, using the Prius will not only increase the reputation of the organization, but also increase the awareness of the Prius. We will give WWF a special price, near the wholesale price. The objective of this campaign is to connect the Prius to environmental-friendly business. Every time when people see the Prius, they will be able to think of fresh environment. d. Exhibition According to the findings of the survey, it shows that (% of interviewees ) usually visit car exhibition before purchasing cars. In order to raise the awareness of the Prius among our target audience, two exhibitions will be held this year. . Time Two exhibitions which will last for 2 days are scheduled to be held on 29th and 30th July, and 24th and 25th November this year. In order to better allocate the available resources, Flighting schedul ing method will be used. The exhibitions are arranged to be held at these two periods since it is expected that people’s purchasing desire are higher before the summer vacation and Christmas. ii. Venue Shatin New Town Plaza is chosen since it is one of the largest exhibition venues in the New Territories. In addition, the rent ($80,000/day) and space provided (3,600sq. ft) are suitable to carry out the exhibition. As Shatin is a well developed town, many people, especially middle classes, settle there. Holding the exhibitions in Shatin would probably increase the chance of reaching our target audience. The circulation of Shatin New Town Plaza per day ranges from 250,000 to 300,000, estimating 15. 6% of the people shopping there are our target customers, aged from 25 to 39 years old, according to the data from statistics of the Shatin New Town Plaza and Census. iii. Settings of Exhibition For the first exhibition on 29th and 30th July, a press conference will be held together with the exhibition. Chief Executive Officer of Toyota Hong Kong will introduce the main features of the Prius and answer the queries from the mass media and the public. Hence, the press conference allows people to get more information about the Prius. At the same time, overhead projection of the Prius video will be shown on the screen during the press conference and throughout the exhibition to create the feel of high technology. On the second day of the exhibition, there will be a cheque giving ceremony for sponsoring WWF to enhance the image of environmental protection of the Prius. For the second exhibition on 24th and 25th November, a famous artist who loves driving cars and is the representative of â€Å"Environmental Friendly Star† ( ) of Shatin Junior Chamber ( ), Miriam Yeung ( ), will be invited to share the feeling of using the Prius. With the famous artist giving professional opinions, the environmental friendly image of the Prius can be strongly established and strengthened. Background music, like birds singing, will be played throughout the exhibition, so as to create the feel of being in the nature, making people feel refreshing and environmental conscious. In addition to auditory stimulation, visual effect will also be emphasized. Flowers and plants will be used in the exhibition. They are used to enhance the environmental friendly image of the Prius. To strengthen the image, the Prius will be displayed on an artificial meadow with the shape of a leaf. All the above use the idea of classical conditioning since they serve as an unconditional stimulus and gives rise to an unconditional response, refreshing and environmental conscious. Through contiguity and repetition, this unconditioned stimulus will develop an association with the conditioned stimulus, appearance of the Prius, and thus gives rise to the conditioned response, the Prius is refreshing and environmental conscious. The floor plan of the event is shown as below. [pic] It is important to ensure the target audience can experience the full car visually so as to understand more about the Prius. One of the Prius is specially processed to be a partially transparent car, thus people are able to see the internal structure, like the hybrid engine of the Prius. Two normal Prius will be exhibited. People can experience the comfort of the car and professional opinions are given by salesmen at the same time. According to Foote, Cone ; Belding Grid, cars should use the model of Informative (The thinker) since the involvement of the target audience is high and it requires more thinking processes. Therefore, learn- feel- do model is used. Through the exhibition, target audience are able to learn more about the car from the transparent car model and the professional opinions from the salesmen, also, customers can feel and experience the comfort of the car. These settings are used to increase the chance of purchase. Board and decoration will be placed in the exhibition hall. Besides, decoration of trees and leaves will be placed so as to stress the feature of â€Å"environmental-friendly† of the car. The boards will show the features of the Prius and with the emotional appealing graphics. The customers could learn more about the product through the statistics and comparison. iv. Use of Manpower Personal selling in exhibition is very important since cars are high involvement product and more convictions are needed for purchase. Personal selling will be carried by salesmen who are trained to be familiar with the Prius in advance. Salesmen should be able to tell the advantages and features of the Prius and to answer queries from customers. The Prius will be promoted by sex appeal. Three beautifully dressed ladies will stand in front of three Prius respectively. It is used to increase the awareness of potential customers and photographers to take photos for them. Moreover, nine salesmen will be distributed around three Prius, promoting and answering queries raised by people. v. Exhibition Rundown On 29th July, 2006 |11:30-12:30 |Opening ceremony + Press conference | |12:30-15:00 |Exhibition | |15:00-17:00 |Racing queen for photo taking | |17:00-21:00 |Exhibition | |21:00-22:00 |Clearing | On 30th July, 2006 11:00-13:00 |Exhibition | |13:00-14:00 |Cheque giving ceremony of sponsoring World Wildlife | |14:00-15:00 |Exhibition | |15:00-17:00 |Racing queen for photo taking | |17:00-21:00 |Exhibition | |21:00-22:00 |Clearing | On 24th November, 2006 |11:00-13:00 |Exhibition | |13:00-14:00 |Sharing from artist— | |14:00-15:00 |Exhibition | |15:00-17:00 |Racing queen for photo taking | |17:00-21:00 |Exhibition | |21:00-22:00 |Clearing | On 25th November, 2006 |11:30-15:00 |Exhibition | |15:00-17:00 |Racing queen for photo taking | |17:00-21:00 |Exhibition | |21:00-22:00 |Clearing | 6. PROMOTION BUDGET 7. APPENDIX 8. REFERENCES